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American Civil War, Reconstruction and Aftermath
CONTENTS:Opening the Door to Civil War
The American Civil War
Reconstruction after the Civil War
After Reconstruction
American Civil War | Opening the Door to Civil War (1850-1861)
1850, July 9: President Taylor dies and is succeeded by his vice president, Millard Fillmore.1850, September 9-20: The Compromise of 1850, including the notorious Fugitive Slave Act is passed after continuous high debates.
1850, November: Nashville Convention reconvenes; declared the Union intact for the moment.
1852: Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin was published, becoming one of the most influential works to stir anti-slavery sentiments.
1853, March 4: Franklin Pierce is inaugurated as the 14th president.
1853: Japan is opened up by Commodore Matthew Perry.
1853, December 30: Gadsden Purchase Treaty is signed; U.S. acquired border territory from Mexico for $10 million.
1854: Whig Party collapses in the US.
1854, May 30:
- Congress passes the Kansas-Nebraska Act, establishing the territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
- The legislation repeals the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and renews tensions between anti- and pro slavery factions.
1856, May 21: The Sacking of Lawrence is occurred in Kansas.
1856, 22 May: Pro-slavery democrat Preston Brooks beats abolitionist republican senator Charles Sumner on the steps of the U.S. Capitol building.
1856, 23-26 May: Pottawatomie Massacre took place in reaction to Sack of Lawrence.
March 4, 1857: James Buchanan is inaugurated as the 15th president.
1857 March 6: Dred Scott v. Sanford: Landmark Supreme Court decision holds that Congress does not have the right to ban slavery in states and, furthermore, that slaves are not citizens.
1857-58: Utah War.
1858, August–October: Abraham Lincoln comes to national attention in a series of seven debates with Senator Stephen A. Douglas during Illinois state election campaign.
1859, October 16-18: Abolitionist John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry occurred when he and 21 followers had captured federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia in an attempt to spark a slave revolt.
1859, June 12: Comstock Lode, the first major silver ore in the U.S. is discovered at Mount Davidson, Virginia.
1860, November 6: Abraham Lincoln is elected president.
1860, December 20: South Carolina secedes from the Union.
1861, January 9: Secessionist forces in South Carolina fired at the USS Star of the West, made it to withdraw.
1861, January 9-February 1: Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas secedes.
1861, February 4: Confederate States of America is established.
1861, February 18: Jefferson Davis is elected Provisional President of the Confederacy.
1861, March 4: Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as the 16th president.
Timeline | The American Civil War (1861 – 1865)
Conflict between the North (the Union) and the South (the Confederacy) over the expansion of slavery into western states.
1861, April 12: Attack of the Confederates on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina marked the beginning of the Civil War.
1861, April–June: Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee secede.
1861, July 21: First Battle of Bull Run a.k.a. First Battle of Manassas, the first major battle of civil war was fought.
1862: Homestead Acts issued, allowing settlers to claim land of 160 acres max. after they have lived on it for five years.
1862, 8-9 March: Battle of Hampton Roads; first ever naval battle between iron-sided ships is fought.
1862, 28-30 August: Second Battle of Bull Run.
1862, 17 September: Battle of Antietam a.k.a. Battle of Sharpsburg.
1862, September 22: Emancipation Proclamation is issued, freeing slaves in the Confederate states.
1863, May 18 – July 4: The Siege of Vicksburg, the final major military action of Vicksburg Action is done.
1863, July 1–3: Battle of Gettysburg is fought, the most important and bloodiest battle of civil war.
1861, April–June: Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee secede.
1861, July 21: First Battle of Bull Run a.k.a. First Battle of Manassas, the first major battle of civil war was fought.
1862: Homestead Acts issued, allowing settlers to claim land of 160 acres max. after they have lived on it for five years.
1862, 8-9 March: Battle of Hampton Roads; first ever naval battle between iron-sided ships is fought.
1862, 28-30 August: Second Battle of Bull Run.
1862, 17 September: Battle of Antietam a.k.a. Battle of Sharpsburg.
1862, September 22: Emancipation Proclamation is issued, freeing slaves in the Confederate states.
1863, May 18 – July 4: The Siege of Vicksburg, the final major military action of Vicksburg Action is done.
1863, July 1–3: Battle of Gettysburg is fought, the most important and bloodiest battle of civil war.
1863, July 13–16: The New York City Draft Riots.
1863, November 19: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address.
1864, March 2: General Ulysses S. Grant put in command of all Union forces.
1864, 15-21 December: Sherman's March to the Sea.
1865, February 6: Robert E. Lee is made Commander-in-Chief of all Confederate forces.
1865, March 4: Lincoln's second inauguration.
1865, April 2-3: Gen. Ulysses S. Grant captured Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy.
1865, April 9: Surrender of Confederate general Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia.
1865, April 15: Abraham Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in Washington, DC, and is succeeded by his vice president, Andrew Johnson.
1865, July: American Civil war came to the end, after last elements of the Confederacy surrendering.
1865, December 6: Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, prohibiting slavery.
1865, December 24: Ku Klux Klan is founded.
1867, March 2: Tenure of Office Act is enacted, limiting power of the president to remove certain office holder without Senate’s approval.
1867, March 30: US acquired Alaska from Russia for the sum of $7.2 million.
1868, February 24: President Johnson is impeached by the House of Representatives.
1868, May 26: Johnson is acquitted at his trial in the Senate.
1868, July 9: Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, defining citizenship.
1869, March 4: Ulysses S. Grant is inaugurated as the 18th president.
1869, May 10: The First Transcontinental Railroad is opened for traffic.
1870, February 3: The ratification of Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution gives blacks the right to vote.
1871, October 8–9: Great Chicago fire kills 300 and leaves 90,000 people homeless.
1872, March 1: Yellowstone National Park, the first National Park in the US is declared.
1872, May 22: Amnesty Act is passed.
1872, September: Crédit Mobilier scandal breaks, involving several members of Congress.
1873:
1873, March 4: Grant's second inauguration.
1874-75: Red River Indian War is launched to forcibly relocate native tribes.
1876, February 2: National League of Baseball is founded.
1876, June 25-26: Lt. Col. George A. Custer's regiment is wiped out by Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull at Battle of the Little Big Horn River in Montana.
1877: The first telephone line was built from Boston to Somerville, Massachusetts; the following year, President Hayes had the first telephone installed in the White House.
1877, March 5: Rutherford B. Hayes inaugurated as the 19th president.
1877, March 31: Reconstruction ended with the Compromise of 1877.
1877, July 14: Great Railroad Strike of 1877 started.
1878: One of the oldest schools in Los Angles, Abraham Lincoln High School is established.
1878, January 28: The first commercial US telephone exchange opens in New Haven, Connecticut.
1879:
1881, March 4: James A. Garfield is inaugurated as the 20th president.
1881, July 2: The president is shot by Charles Guiteau in Washington, DC.
1881, July 4: Tuskegee Institute (later upgraded as university), the first of Historically Black Colleges and Universities is founded.
1881, July 14: Gunfighter of the American Old West, Billy the Kid is shot dead by Sheriff Pat Garrett.
1881, September 19: President Garfield dies from complications of his wounds in Elberon, vice president, Chester Alan Arthur, succeeds him in office.
1881, October 26: The Gunfight at the OK Corral in Tombstone, Arizona took place between Lawmen and Cowboys, making 3 dead.
1882, April 3: Notorious Jesse James, leader of James-Younger Gang is shot and killed by Robert and Charlie Ford.
1882, May 6: Chinese Exclusion Act is signed, restricting Chinese immigration into the US.
1882, November 1: US adopts standard time.
1883, May 24: Brooklyn Bridge is opened for public.
1883, October 15: Civil Rights Cases 109 US 3 1883 declared legalizing Doctrine of Segregation.
1884, November: Grover Cleveland is elected president.
1885: Washington Monument is completed.
1885, March 4: Grover Cleveland is inaugurated as the 22nd president.
1886, May 4: Haymarket Riot in Chicago.
1886, October 28: Statue of Liberty is dedicated.
1886, December 8: American Federation of Labor is organized.
1887, February 8: The Dawes Act is enacted, authorizing the President to subdivide Native American tribal communal landholdings into allotments for Native American heads of families and individuals.
1888, January 13: National Geographic Society is founded.
1889, March 4: Benjamin Harrison is inaugurated as the 23rd president.
1889, April 22: Oklahoma Land Rush permitted non indigenous to settle.
1890, February 18: National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) is founded, with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as president.
1890, July 2: Sherman Antitrust Act is signed into law, prohibiting commercial monopolies.
1890, December 29: Last major battle of the Indian Wars; mainly a massacre to the natives occurs at Wounded Knee in South Dakota.
1891:
1893, March 4: Grover Cleveland is inaugurated a second time, as the 24th president. He is the only president to serve two nonconsecutive terms.
1894, March 25: First March of Coxey's Army.
1894, May 11 July 20: Pullman Strike.
1895, December 25: Lee Shelton shoots Billy Lyons.
1896, May 18: Landmark Supreme Court decision of Plessy v. Ferguson holds that racial segregation is constitutional, affirming the idea of "Separate but Equal".
1897, March 4: William McKinley is inaugurated as the 25th president.
1898, February 15: USS Maine is blown up in Havana harbor, beginning Spanish-American War.
1898, April 20: Teller Amendment is enacted, helping Cuba gain to independence but prohibiting annexation into the U.S.
1898, April 25: US declared war on Spain.
1898, June 15: American Anti-Imperialist League is organized.
1898, July 4: Newlands Resolution is passed to annex Hawaii.
1898, December 10:
1899, September 6: Open Door Notes is sent to major contemporary powers.
1899, December 2: US acquired American Samoa by treaty with Great Britain and Germany.
1863, November 19: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address.
1864, March 2: General Ulysses S. Grant put in command of all Union forces.
1864, 15-21 December: Sherman's March to the Sea.
1865, February 6: Robert E. Lee is made Commander-in-Chief of all Confederate forces.
1865, March 4: Lincoln's second inauguration.
1865, April 2-3: Gen. Ulysses S. Grant captured Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy.
1865, April 9: Surrender of Confederate general Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia.
1865, April 15: Abraham Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in Washington, DC, and is succeeded by his vice president, Andrew Johnson.
1865, July: American Civil war came to the end, after last elements of the Confederacy surrendering.
1865, December 6: Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, prohibiting slavery.
1865, December 24: Ku Klux Klan is founded.
Reconstruction After The American Civil War (1866-1899)
1866, April 9: The Civil Rights Act of 1866 is enacted.1867, March 2: Tenure of Office Act is enacted, limiting power of the president to remove certain office holder without Senate’s approval.
1867, March 30: US acquired Alaska from Russia for the sum of $7.2 million.
1868, February 24: President Johnson is impeached by the House of Representatives.
1868, May 26: Johnson is acquitted at his trial in the Senate.
1868, July 9: Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, defining citizenship.
1869, March 4: Ulysses S. Grant is inaugurated as the 18th president.
1869, May 10: The First Transcontinental Railroad is opened for traffic.
1870, February 3: The ratification of Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution gives blacks the right to vote.
1871, October 8–9: Great Chicago fire kills 300 and leaves 90,000 people homeless.
1872, March 1: Yellowstone National Park, the first National Park in the US is declared.
1872, May 22: Amnesty Act is passed.
1872, September: Crédit Mobilier scandal breaks, involving several members of Congress.
1873:
- Panic of 1873.
- National Labor Union collapsed.
1873, March 4: Grant's second inauguration.
1874-75: Red River Indian War is launched to forcibly relocate native tribes.
1876, February 2: National League of Baseball is founded.
1876, June 25-26: Lt. Col. George A. Custer's regiment is wiped out by Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull at Battle of the Little Big Horn River in Montana.
1877: The first telephone line was built from Boston to Somerville, Massachusetts; the following year, President Hayes had the first telephone installed in the White House.
1877, March 5: Rutherford B. Hayes inaugurated as the 19th president.
1877, March 31: Reconstruction ended with the Compromise of 1877.
U.S.A. | After Reconstruction (Till 1899)
1877, June-October: Nez Perce War.1877, July 14: Great Railroad Strike of 1877 started.
1878: One of the oldest schools in Los Angles, Abraham Lincoln High School is established.
1878, January 28: The first commercial US telephone exchange opens in New Haven, Connecticut.
1879:
- Thomas Edison creates first commercially viable light bulb.
- Knights of Labor go public.
1881, March 4: James A. Garfield is inaugurated as the 20th president.
1881, July 2: The president is shot by Charles Guiteau in Washington, DC.
1881, July 4: Tuskegee Institute (later upgraded as university), the first of Historically Black Colleges and Universities is founded.
1881, July 14: Gunfighter of the American Old West, Billy the Kid is shot dead by Sheriff Pat Garrett.
1881, September 19: President Garfield dies from complications of his wounds in Elberon, vice president, Chester Alan Arthur, succeeds him in office.
1881, October 26: The Gunfight at the OK Corral in Tombstone, Arizona took place between Lawmen and Cowboys, making 3 dead.
1882, April 3: Notorious Jesse James, leader of James-Younger Gang is shot and killed by Robert and Charlie Ford.
1882, May 6: Chinese Exclusion Act is signed, restricting Chinese immigration into the US.
1882, November 1: US adopts standard time.
1883, May 24: Brooklyn Bridge is opened for public.
1883, October 15: Civil Rights Cases 109 US 3 1883 declared legalizing Doctrine of Segregation.
1884, November: Grover Cleveland is elected president.
1885: Washington Monument is completed.
1885, March 4: Grover Cleveland is inaugurated as the 22nd president.
1886, May 4: Haymarket Riot in Chicago.
1886, October 28: Statue of Liberty is dedicated.
1886, December 8: American Federation of Labor is organized.
1887, February 8: The Dawes Act is enacted, authorizing the President to subdivide Native American tribal communal landholdings into allotments for Native American heads of families and individuals.
1888, January 13: National Geographic Society is founded.
1889, March 4: Benjamin Harrison is inaugurated as the 23rd president.
1889, April 22: Oklahoma Land Rush permitted non indigenous to settle.
1890, February 18: National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) is founded, with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as president.
1890, July 2: Sherman Antitrust Act is signed into law, prohibiting commercial monopolies.
1890, December 29: Last major battle of the Indian Wars; mainly a massacre to the natives occurs at Wounded Knee in South Dakota.
1891:
- Baltimore crisis.
- James Naismith invented basketball.
1893, March 4: Grover Cleveland is inaugurated a second time, as the 24th president. He is the only president to serve two nonconsecutive terms.
1894, March 25: First March of Coxey's Army.
1894, May 11 July 20: Pullman Strike.
1895, December 25: Lee Shelton shoots Billy Lyons.
1896, May 18: Landmark Supreme Court decision of Plessy v. Ferguson holds that racial segregation is constitutional, affirming the idea of "Separate but Equal".
1897, March 4: William McKinley is inaugurated as the 25th president.
1898, February 15: USS Maine is blown up in Havana harbor, beginning Spanish-American War.
1898, April 20: Teller Amendment is enacted, helping Cuba gain to independence but prohibiting annexation into the U.S.
1898, April 25: US declared war on Spain.
1898, June 15: American Anti-Imperialist League is organized.
1898, July 4: Newlands Resolution is passed to annex Hawaii.
1898, December 10:
- Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Spanish-American War.
- Spain gives up control of Cuba, which becomes an independent republic, and cedes Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines (for $20 million) to the US.
1899, September 6: Open Door Notes is sent to major contemporary powers.
1899, December 2: US acquired American Samoa by treaty with Great Britain and Germany.
ALSO CLICK:-
U.S. History Timeline: Earliest Period to 1607
U.S. History Timeline: Colonial America (1607–1764)
U.S. History Timeline: American Revolution and Aftermath (1765–1799)
U.S. History Timeline: Emergence of a New Nation (1800–1849)
U.S. History Timeline: Progressive Era and World Wars (1900–1949)
U.S. History Timeline: Colonial America (1607–1764)
U.S. History Timeline: American Revolution and Aftermath (1765–1799)
U.S. History Timeline: Emergence of a New Nation (1800–1849)
U.S. History Timeline: Progressive Era and World Wars (1900–1949)
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